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BERTHA consiglieri, colleagues, friends, IS DEAD

Consiglieri Bertha, colleague, friend, died
From a small room on the outskirts of Brussels remember my friend Bertha. A few hours ago my wife and her friend always gave me the bad news by phone. It was a surprise of course. A sad surprise. But at the same time maybe I should have been wary something: looking back, Bertha's health did not seem right for some time. With Bertha

we knew more than three decades as a militant of the same causes. Not for a moment stopped believing in what I thought since I was a young journalist, chronicled by the peasant movement in the seventies in notable magazines as I should not have left more. Naturally he joined CEPES since the early eighties, not to leave us more.

During those years, and until the last day of his life, he wrote hundreds, thousands of pages of agricultural and rural developments, always loyal to his beliefs and commitments of youth: the farmers' right to dignity, respect their civil rights, the right to good quality of life. Beyond the rural, space has always been the center of interest, Peru wanted a truly democratic. Moreover, in the last institutional document CEPES, Bertha introduced an amendment to our mission: not enough to orient us toward democratic development, he argued, but point to a just and equitable world. Bertha

absence leaves a world of my affections and all colleagues of CEPES. But it also leaves a great void as a worker in a specialized institution in the rural agrarian question: was the most known. It was his way of being closer to those you will always be identified: farmers.

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IS URGENT A NEW CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE
Fernando Eguren

CEPES

The Ministry of Agriculture has placed before the public a preliminary draft State Policy for the Development of Agriculture and Rural Life 2007 - 2021, which can be found on its website. It is an opportunity for citizens to express their views on what forms the foundation of an important state policy.

A State policy should propose ob-je-long-term objectives and steps to reach "them up. They must have a knowledge of the matter about which defines the policy. In this case, agriculture and rural areas. Knowledge, in turn, requires accurate and reasonably complete and current. In the case of agriculture, the most complete information dating from 1994, which was the last agricultural census. In the last decade, the 'climate' of neoliberalism and the giving of the land law in 1995 must have contributed to important changes in rural areas, cu-scale and do not know precisely. It is urgent that a new census agricul-cuario.

Does the structure of land in Peru is again polarized-dose?

So we do not know how many units agricul-cuarias currently exist in the country: they are more or less the thousands available in nearly 1,750 census year. What have been regional changes?

not know what the ownership structure of the earth today. Since 1994 there have been several tens, if not cen-dreds of livestock farms on the coast, beyond the 150 hectares (which was the maximum allowed by the land reform law of 1969 to pre-god of individual ownership, the co-ra-tions were not limited in size). Now existing in this region have real estates, private property over one thousand hectares of extension (in the case of the former sugar cooperatives, as well as some agricultural enterprises with export crops).

Much is said about the small farm is a big problem. But we do not know what the current situation compared to thirteen years ago, if there is a growing trend towards the fragmentation of tenure, and in which areas would be happening.

economic diversification of rural areas

is necessary to know how to have diver-si-fied the income of farmers-res, so-ber all small. Already in 1994, noted the significant dependence of small farmers and small farmers off-farm income, both agrarian and non-agricultural rivers. If these off-farm income are more important today than before (which is very possible) sour, then strategies to improve the economic situation of small producers would not only-and often not even primarily-by improve agricultural production conditions, but to stimulate diversification of the economy rural (and the labor market) and densify the relationship between rural and urban areas. The role economic promoter of regional governments and municipalities in this regard is of great importance.

Conditions for competitiveness

A new census would also provide valuable information about the basis for developing agriculture competitiveness. According to the 1994 census, about 60 percent of drivers of plots or had not received any formal education or had not completed primary education (which, incidentally, in rural areas is very low quality). On the other hand, levels of technology were deplorable: in 1994, 31 percent of producers used only energy Zaban human life with productive des extremely low. "The situation has improved or worsened? Answers to these questions would be very valuable to support both educational and technological policies. If the situation remains co-mo in the past and do not define policies to overcome, the prospects for a competitive agriculture GIDAS be restricted to a few areas, regions and producers in the country, to widen the already significant social and economic differences.